It was shown that when calculations are based on measurements of the kerma in the air, it is necessary to use the multiplier 1.05 (Sv/Gy) when a person is irradiated in anteroposterior projection and 0.65 (Sv/Gy) in posteroanterior projection. This paper presents the results of Monte Carlo calculations using the GEANT4 simulation package and the MIRD and ICRP anthropomorphic phantoms. The purpose of this work was to determine the transition coefficients from measured values in practice – air kerma or ambient dose equivalent to the effective dose of radiation on inspection systems using X-ray radiation, in particular, for the installation «Sibscan». © 2015 by the National Academy of Sciences. This study aims to address concerns about exposure to radiation from X-ray backscatter AITs raised by Congress, individuals within the scientific community, and others. Airport Passenger Screening Using Backscatter X-Ray Machines examines whether exposures comply with applicable health and safety standards for public and occupational exposures to ionizing radiation and whether system design, operating procedures, and maintenance procedures are appropriate to prevent over exposures of travelers and operators to ionizing radiation. This report reviews previous studies as well as current processes used by the Department of Homeland Security and equipment manufacturers to estimate radiation exposures resulting from backscatter X-ray advanced imaging technology system use in screening air travelers.
#Passengers screenit software
TSA is looking to deploy a second-generation X-ray backscatter AIT equipped with privacy software to eliminate production of an image of the person being screened in order to alleviate these concerns.
airports in 2008 and subsequently removed from all airports by June 2013 due to privacy concerns. X-ray backscatter AITs were deployed in U.S. airports of two different technologies that use different types of radiation to detect threats: millimeter wave and X-ray backscatter AIT systems. To date (December 2014), TSA has deployed AITs in U.S. In response to increased concern over terrorist attacks on aircrafts, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has deployed security systems of advanced imaging technology (AIT) to screen passengers at airports. It's prioritizing them to have the biggest customer impact that we can, the fastest we can.Passenger screening at commercial airports in the United States has gone through significant changes since the events of September 11, 2001. the mechanics can meet the plane at the other end and fix it,'' Smith says. The flight crew can "snap a picture of a (broken) tray table and. And if a passenger's previous flight was canceled, "that information can be pushed to flight attendants so they make an extra effort to turn that experience around for the customer,'' she says.Įventually, the devices will even be used to hasten maintenance. Within a year of their distribution, the tablets will also contain the information flight attendants routinely receive about young travelers flying solo along with passenger connections.
#Passengers screenit manual
The new Nokias, which are a cross between a phone and a tablet, will initially be an on-board manual for flight attendants, a transactional tool for the sale of on-board meals, and a tip sheet on some passengers, such as the elite frequent flier in seat 4A who doesn't want to be awakened for a meal.īut Smith says the possibilities for the device are seemingly endless. The airline previously said that its pilots would be getting Microsoft Surface 2 tablets this year to take the place of the flight bags that they've traditionally used to tote heavy manuals.
"Our challenge then is how do you make it not just expected, but also a surprise and be noted as an airline that is really forward thinking in making that travel experience more highly differentiated."ĭelta will announce Monday that all of its flight attendants will have handheld Nokia Lumia 1520 devices by the end of this year. because it's expected,'' says Joanne Smith, Delta's senior vice president for in-flight service.
#Passengers screenit upgrade
"The airlines, and Delta, need to upgrade our technology. Meanwhile, in October, Delta will start providing its 20,000 flight attendants with a new mobile device that will eventually include everything from the name and age of minors who are traveling alone to notes about a passenger who didn't get his or her requested upgrade and might need a little extra attention. And the new Boston terminal will have self-service kiosks where passengers can resolve issues, such as booking new flights if theirs are canceled. There will also be do-it-yourself boarding, with eight of 10 gates outfitted with units that allow passengers to scan their boarding passes and then proceed onto the plane, speeding up the process of getting everyone to their seats.
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